5、硬件故障

DCS系统根据各硬件的功能不同，其故障可分为人机接口故障和过程通道故障，人机接口主要指用于实现人机联系功能的工程师站、操作员站、打印机、键盘、鼠标等；过程通道主要指就地总线、通道、过程处理机、一次元件或控制设备等。人机接口由多个功能相同的工作站组成，当其中一台发生故障时，只要处理及时，一般不会影响系统的监控操作。过程通道故障发生再就地总线或一次设备时，会直接影响控制或检测功能，因而后果比较严重。

6、人机接口故障

人机接口故障常见的有鼠标操作失效、控制操作失效、操作员站死机、薄膜键盘功能不正常、打印机不工作等。鼠标操作不正常一般是由于内部机械装置长期工作老化或污染，使触点不能可靠通断，或因电缆插接不牢固造成与主机不通信，这时只需将其更换检查即可。

控制操作失效是由于鼠标的操作信号不能改变过程通道的状态，一方面可能是过程通道硬件本身故障，另一方面可能是操作员站本身软件缺陷，在设备负荷过重或打开的过程窗口过多时，导致不响应。在检查过程通道功能正常后，应对操作员站进行检查，必要时进行重启，初始化操作员站。操作员站死机原因比较多，可能由于硬盘或卡件故障、软件本身有缺陷。

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